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CHAPTER IX PROJECTION IN THE UPPER PLANE The front elevation given, to find the side elevation The sectional eleva- tions of the solid and hollow cube, prism and pyramid ... ... 59 70 CHAPTER X PROJECTION FROM THE LOWER TO THE UPPER PLANE The plans of objects given, to find their elevations and sectional elevations 71 76 CHAPTER XI LINING-IN DRAWINGS IN INK The kind of lines to be used The direction in which the light is supposed to fall on the object represented To find the angle that the rays of light make with the planes of projection Why different qualities of lines are used in Mechanical Drawing The importance of correctness in their application How ink for lining-in a drawing should be made And how to fill the drawing-pen 77 84 CONTENTS IX PAGE CHAPTER XII THE PROJECTION OP CURVED LINES The definition of a curved line The front elevation of a curved line being given, to find its side elevation and plan How to find the projections of a line of double curvature The projections of combined curved and right lines The plan of a circular plate being given, to find its eleva- tion To draw an ellipse ... ... ... v 85 97 CHAPTER XIII THE PROJECTION OF SOLIDS WITH CURVED SURFACES The definitions of the cylinder, the cone, and the sphere The plan of a